Radial motor



July 11, 1933. J NEWMANN 1,917,772

RADIAL MOTOR Original Filed Aug. 16, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l S 1 WI ATTORNEY July 11, 1933. J. NEWMANN RADIAL MOTOR Original Filed Aug. 16, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR reamed Jul 11, 1933 1,917,772

UNATEDSTAT'ES PATENT OFFHJE JOHN NEWMANN, E BROOKLYN, NEW YDRK; CHARLES G. HENSLEY, RECEIVER, OF NEWYORK, N. Y.

' RADIAL MOTOR Refiled for abandoned application Serial No. 299,943, filed August 16, 1928. This application filed July 17, is 1. Serial No. 551,427.

lhe irescnt application is a refile oi abaiimember which operates on a single crank to doned application Serial No. 299,943, which qilye a shaft. was fil d A t, 16 1928, Each connecting rod, except for the master Eiv invention relates to radial motors and rod, is connected by knuckle p11 Wi -h he 5 hff, it i il d t d f m t r-i to annular member and the several knuo'klepins 56 be used on aeroplanes, the invention is also are h dln a sembled relation by a preferadapted to be used with motors for other ably Split ring which may be quickly asnurposes. The invention relates to that type Selllbleil nd disassembled or which may be 61? radial motor wherein an annular connectturned 1D der to permit the removal of any ing member is integral with, or connectedto indiliidual kmmkle Pi Othel adva'llt'ages no a master piston rod and wherein a plurality d i p v ments Will be set forth in the f ti d are i mu Connected detailed description of my invention hereinwith the annular member, so that a number flttel? I of cylinders may be arranged around a comt e d awings fOi'iniiig part of this ap- 15 mod axis and have their-several rods 0per- P 65 Figure 1 is an elevation of partvof the ating on a common crank. A motor of this shaft crank and crank assembly embodying type shown in my Patent No. 1,572,672, and an improved type is shown in my 60- y P P, p bonding application eel-in No. steals, now 55533 1 331 y 2 x2 f ggy g with Patentblo. 1823 Mid. L

One of the priiicipal objectsot'the present Ft l 3 1 719W v g the invention is to provide a radial motorof the P 1n 1 llosmtm but 71th bome type above referred to wherein the number figs- Com/[1991511155 d omltiedi oi? parts will be reduced to a minimum, both BTZF g l l taken On h for line purpose of simplicity and to reduce g 1 E lgme; '3 i T l i the total weight. Each pound of weight gt g 'g taken on eliminated in the revolving parts of the crank g lgul? 7 7 f I is not only a direct saving in weight, but it f fi l fi i 0 a P 1011 reduces the amount or counterbalance neces- 0 f v f 1 f j vary to cause the device to operate smoothly; t t l a f. .2. Cal) 01 in ct ier words, making the revolving parts t llg P It t 2. t1 7 t lighter by reducinzgthe parts and their weight i g fi 1s perspec 18 SP 1 "csults in a double saving by reason of the figure 9 is a pe p View of one Ofthe cduction in the weight of. the counterbalance. i T J .n the present device I have reduced the In f g Ihav Showntwo Sections: no weight o'tthe parts to minimum and I have 1 2 of the engine. Shaft which are in axial simplified them so that the assembling and alignment whichcmrythe members? disassembling may no done expeditiously and the-Crank The Section I for instance, p vided with a lateral arm 3 on one end of which Another oblect of my mveni'lon 13 is mounted the counterweight at for partially inate the use of screws, bolts and nuts in order m -b l i th crank i d i t d illili? tllOi'Q may 13% 110 parts \VlllCll C2111 bC-E- pa ts. The 35111 5 extending in the pposite come oisasseinbied or loosened by reason of direction has formedupon it and preferably vibration or "from the ordinary operation of integral therewith a laterally extending wrist the parts. The present invention, like the pinGwhiclnfor lightness,is preferably made one shown in Tiny-said copending application, hollow-by having a bore 7 therein which is employs a plurality of connecting rods disclosed at one end bythe screw plug 8' to posed radially about the crank shalt, wh ch prevent the accumulation of dirt in the bore. to are all connected with the annular bearing For similar purposes Iprefer'to provide a. 10's screw plug 9 fitting into the shaftmember 1.

The shaft section 2 is shown as hollow although it may be made solid if desired and it is provided with a reduced end 10 to form a shoulder or abutment 11 against which the crank member 12 is adapted to seat. This member consists of the arm 12 which is here shown as provided with an integral counterweight 13 which serves a similar pur pose to the counterweight This arm 12 is provided with a laterallv extending hub or boss 14 adapted to fit snugly over the reduced end 10 of the shaft section 2. The arm 15 which extends opposite to the arm 12 is provided with an aperture 16 to receive, by tight lit. the free end of the wrist pin 6. It will be observed that there is a split or cut 17 extending from the aperture 16 through a portion of the arm 15 an through one side of the boss 1% so that the po ions 18, 19 of the arm on opposite sides of this cut may be sprung or forced when the arm 15 is being fitted to the end of the wrist pin 6.

Preferably, there is a tapered aperture 20 extending into the arm 15 in the line of the cut or slot 17 into which opening a tapered pin may be driven for the purpose of releasing the hold of the arm 15 upon the wrist pin when the parts are being disassembled. There is a cap 21 shown in Figure 6 which is adapted to be driven over the end of the boss 14 when the latter is in place on the reduced end 10 of the shaft section 2 and the internal bore 22 of this cap is preferably slightly tapered so that as the cap is driven onto the boss it will cause the portions 18, 19 of the arm on opposite sides of the slot 17 to be drawn slightly toward each other to tighten the arm upon the shaft section 2 and to also tighten it on the end of the wrist pin 6.

The arm 5 forms a shoulder 23 and the arm 15 forms a shoulder near the opposite end of this wrist pin, so that between the two the annular bearing member 2-1 is adapted to be confined. This member 24, which is of annular shape, has a bore to receive the wrist pin 6 therein. In the form of the invention shown in the drawings, the inner surface or bore of the annular member 22L is bashed or babbitted with lining 26 to form the bushing or babbitt which takes the wear in place of the annular member. This babbitt member is, preferably, applied by heat and pressure by any well known process, so that it becomes a fixed part of the annular member. lVhen this lining becomes worn it may be renewed or replaced according to well known practice.

The annular member 24 is provided with flanges 27, 28 which are spaced apart sufflciently to receive the heads 29 of the radially disposed connect-ing rods 30 each of which is connected with a piston of the engine (not shown).

In the drawings I have shown a construction adapted for a radial motor having nine cylinders and nine pistons, although the number may be varied as may be desired. One of these piston rods, here shown as the rod 31, is the master connecting rod and preferably formed integral with the annular bearing member 24, so that the latter will not revolve in relation to the integral connecting rod, whereas the remaining connecting rods of the group are pivotally connected with the annular bearing member in the following manner:

There is a knuckle pin 32 for each of the pivoted connecting rods, each consisting of a cylindrical portion adapted to fit one of the bores 33 of the head 29 on the pivoted connecting rods 30. In additoii, each pin has a lateral flange 3% at one end, which is shown as circular, with an arcuate cutout or notch 35. These pins are passed through the bores 36 of the parallel flanges 27, 28 of the annular bearing member, the flange 3% of each pin preventing the pin from moving lengthwise out of position in one directioii.

To prevent the pins from moving out of position in the opposite direction, I have provided a split ring 37, as shown in Figure 8, which is adapted to be sprung sufliciently to be passed over the portion 38 of the annular bearing member until the ring registers with the annular groove 39 in the annular bearing member, whereupon the split ring contracts and fits snugly into this annular groove. This split ring is adapted to engage the outer surfaces of the several flanges 34 of the knuckle pins 32 in order to prevent these pins from moving longitudinally in one direction. The notches in the flanges of the pins are adapted to lit the shoulder 40 on the bearing member 24 so that when the pins are in position they are prevented from revolving.

The split ring 37 is provided with a notch all in its outer edge, which notch niav be brought into register with any flange 3st in any one of the several pins 3; by turning the split ring around in its groove 39. ll hen thesplit ring is moved. so that its notch 41 registers with one of the flanges 34 the par ticular pin with which the split ring registers may be withdrawn endwise from the flanges 27. 28 of the annular bearing member in order to disassemble one of the connectim rods from the annular bearing member with out having to disassemble any of the remaining connecting rods.

YVhen the split ring is in operative position. as shown in Figure 3, it is adapted to be held from revolv ng by means of a plug 42 which is inserted into a bore 43 in line with the master connecting rod 31 and the plug may IO-the motor is in operation;v In addition and screws is eliminated.

be he lxl i-n place by meuns of a cotter pin it a portion of the annularw passing through bearing; member and through the wall of the hollo'iv plu'g, the cnds being turned over to 1 secure the cotter pin in place.

1t wilh be observed that l ha ve-eliminates allbolts aml screws and thcrehp avoid the dangers incide-ntto the use of threaded menibers \vln eh a re likely to become loosened: avh on J. i are Weight- 0f suclrho 'llre' prcseut "construction also-permits the quick removal and replacement of any of the' kuuclde pins or connecting rods Without special toolsyso Lhatrcpan's and replacements i mm .1 1- "*1". f '1 ma oe-e rcwc qu re- 7 Lns is o iinpci tancc: in aeroplane practice because-an aviator-quay carryspare parts and eiiect the necessary replacements even though he is 0 o u l of reaclr or shop equipment. 1

In. assembling the derice the annular b ing memberflei is slidover \vrist pin'fiuntil it abuts I V der 23"and;- of course. :in' this operation the 'iixedconnecting:rod 315s also assembled it is a part of the annular hearingmember. The erankarm 12; 151s then forced onto the free endof the- Wrist pin, the 'latter being received in the aperture lfi. E The shaft "tion2 is then forced iuto thehoreofthe him fi l-and for both: otthese-assembli operations a slight sprmg'ot the lllGtilllS permitted by. reason or" the 'slot- :17 so that the sections 18. l9ot the arm may sprinsrzsligzhelv While the: \vristpinis being received-in the pert re B and-while the reduced-end l'Oo'l hc shaft section is belngrrecer ad' mto the hub 1%;

To: assist-the assembly; a taperez-l pin n a) toexpand the portions 18,19' 0l' he crank armaslight a'lterfivhich the pin is removed to+allow theserpartsito contract or spring back mtothe normal position in which the Wrist pinWi-l-l be tightly'grippcd Within the" -aperture lo and the renuced end 10' of the shattPWi-Ll he tig'htlypripped in tho huh 14;. Before'th'e crank arm 12; 15 is applied to the shaft section 2 the ring-21 is slip 'ied overthe endof this shaft section and when-the cr *arm has'zbern assembled in the manner (l0- scribedinidzthe tapered'pin'has been wit dravmrirom the: aperture 20 t is rinp Q1 (lrivcna-over.the hub Hand tightens tl 1e huh l t upon the shaft 'endl-O and it also serves to 5 tighten the crank arm on the end of the Wrist pint Fromthis it will be apparent that the c i and shaft inayvbe assembled without the i of bolts or threaded membe time being; stronger thanwith devices hereto: tore; used.

lVheneverit is desired toiremove one of the pins 'or ofthe' pivotal connecting rods,

6:- the wcotter pin ll: is Withdrawn tronrthe therefore, the split ring gg'roove 39 and it serves to hold all of the pins the free end of the against the shonl i Ting through the. knuckle rs and the parts Gordan made t -in construction at the same 7 formed directl plug 42i'and the. plug is removed from the aperture 43. i The split ring 37 may then be turned around in the groove 39 until its notch ell registers With the flange. 34 of .vl'iichever knuckle pin is to be disassembled,- vhereupon that particular pin may be with awn endivise from the bores 36in the be put in: i

n, 1 vii;

titl in assemblea'l condition. It will be apparent that by using this split "ring to hold all of thepins in position, that it is unnecessary to h ore an d tap holes in the annular bear- 1 member between the bores 36 as in previ s devices. This permits the annular hearing men-iher to be made smaller lighter and strongerthan in previous constructions;

Modifications may be made Without depart from the. spirit and scope of my invention as set forth in the claims. For instance it is not imperativethatthe bushing is at tacheal to. the annularibearing memberv al tliough v followingthis practice the bushing-ma ibe made smaller and lighter and it is the preferred construction.

llavin described :my invcntiom: what :1

Citiliii 125 I 1. In a crank construction for radial motors -the combination of a shaft having a crank including a wrist pin, an annular hearin; memb r revolvabiy mounted upon said wrist pin and having spaced lateral flanges provided with; knuckle pm apertures, a plurality' o'l" connectin rods; having heads disposed between said n o knuckle pins passp n apertures lll'SEliCl flanges an the heads oi? said connecting rods to pivotally connect said rods with said fiaI-iges, said murkle pins having lateral not revolve in its the split ring is moved back inter and the plug giUC- lUJ lld

flanges on one end thereof and a detachable ring mounted on said annular bearing; mem= her and engaging the said lateral flanges to the knuckle pins in assembled position" in so. id first mentioned flanges.

2.111 a crank construction for radial n10- tors the combination of ,a. shaft having a crank, includ ing a Wrist pin. an annular bear ing' member revolvably mounted on said wrist pin and having spaced lateral flanqcs provided witnlnniekle pinrapertures, said bearing member having a circumferential-groove thereim'said bearing member having: lockingshoulders at opposite sides of said: groove, a pluralitvoi connecting rods having" heads disposed between said flanges. l .ckle pins passing through the knuckle pin apertures of said flanges and the heads of said connecting rods to pivotally connect said rods with said flanges, and a detachable ring engaging in said annular groove and lying -between said locking shoulders of said bearng member and adapted to hold said pins from axial movement in at least one direction in said flanges.

3. In a crank construction for radial motors the combination of a shaft having a crank including a wrist pm, an annular hearing member revolvably mounted on said wrist pm and having spaced lateral flanges provided with knuckle pm apertures, said an- ,nular bearing member having an annular bearing member and held therein by said locking shoulder and adapted to be sprung out of said groove and adapter knuckle pins from axial movement in at least one direction in said flanges.

4. In a crank construction for radial motors the combination of a shaft having a crank including a wrist pin, an annular bearing member revolvably mounted on said wrist pin and having spaced lateral flanges pro vided with knuckle pin apertures, said annular bearing member having an annular groove, a plurality of connecting rods having heads disposed between said flanges, knuckle pins passing through the knuckle pin apertures in said flanges and the heads of said connecting rods to pivotally connect the latter with said flanges, said pins having lateral flanges on one end thereof, and a detachable split ring engaging in said annular groove and engaging the flanges of said pins to hold said pins in assembled position in said flanges.

5. In a crank construction for radial motors the combination of a shaft having a crank including a wrist pin, an annular bearing member revolvably mounted on said wrist pin and having spaced lateral flanges provided with knuckle pin apertures, a plurality of connecting rods having heads disposed between said flanges, knuckle pins passing through the apertures in said flanges and the heads of said connecting rods to pivotally connect said rods with said flanges, said pins having lateral flanges on one end thereof, said flanges having notches, said annular bearing member having an abutment for engaging in said notches to prevent said knuckle pins from revolving in relation to the bearing member, and a detachable ring on said annular bearing member arranged to hold said to hold said knuckle pins in assembled position in said flanges.

6. 111 a crank construction for radial mtors the combination of a shaft having a crank including a wrist pin, an annular bearing member revolvably mounted on said wrist pin, said bearing member having spaced lateral flanges provided with knuckle pin apertures, said bearing member having an annular groove formed directly therein, a plurality of connecting rods having heads disposed between said flanges, knuckle pins each having a flange, said pins passing through said knuckle pin apertures in said first flanges and the heads of said connecting rods to pivotally connect said rods to said first flanges, a detachable split ring engaging in said groove of the bearing member and arranged to hold said pins against axial movement in at least one direction and adapted to be sprung out of said groove in said flanges, said split ring being revolvable in said groove and having a notch adapted to be registered with the'several pins to permit individual pins to be withdrawn from said annular bearing member.

7. In a crank construction for radial motors the combination of a shaft having a crank including a wrist pin, an annular bearing member revolvably mounted on said wrist pin and having spaced lateral flanges provided with knuckle pin apertures, said beari ng member having an annular groove formed directly therein, said bearing member having a locking shoulder adjacent said groove, a plurality of connecting rods having heads disposed between said flanges, knuckle pins having flanges, said pins passing through said knuckle pin apertures in said flanges and the heads of said connecting rods to pivotally connect said rods to said first flanges, a detachable split ring engaging in said groove of the bearing member and locked therein by said shoulder and adapted to be sprung out of said groove and adapted to hold said knuckle pins in assembled position in said flanges, said split ring being revolvable in said grooves and having a notch adapted to be registered with the several knuckle pins to permit individual pins to be withdrawn from said first flanges, and a plug in said bearing member and adapted to engage in the notch of said split ring to prevent the turning of said split ring in relation to the bearing member. 4

8. In a crank construction for radial motors the combination of a shaft having a crank including a wrist pin, an annular bca mg member mounted on said wrist pin and having lateral flanges provided with knuckle pin apertures, said bearing member having an annular groove formed directly therein, said bearing member having a locking shoulder at the side of said groove, a plurality of connecting rods having heads disposed between said flanges, knuckle pins passing through the knuckle pin apertures in said flanges and the heads of said connecting rods to pivotally connect the said rods with said flanges, said knuckle pins having lateral flanges on one end thereof provided with a notch adapted to be engaged by a portion of said annular bearing member to prevent the turning of the knuckle pins in relation to the bearing member, and a detachable split ring fitting in said annular groove and locked therein by said locking shoulder and adapted to be sprung out of said groove and adapted to engage the outer face of the flanges of said knuckle pins to hold said knuckle pins in assembled position.

5). In a crank construction for radial motors the combination of a shaft including crank arms and a wrist pin between the crank arms, said crank arms forming lateral abutments, an annular bearing member revolvahly mounted on said wrist pin between said ring engaging said knuckle pins to hold.

hem against axial movement in at least one direction in said flanges, said ring being adapted to be sprung out of said groove of the bearing member.

Signed at the city, county and State of New York, this Qath day of June, 1931.

JOHN NEWMANN. 

